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Memahami Konsep di Balik Platform FOLU Net Sink 2030

FOLU Net Sink 2030

The FOLU Net Sink 2030 program is determined based on the Decree of the Minister of Environment and Forestry of the Republic of Indonesia Number SK.168/MENLHK/PKTL/PLA.1/2/2022 concerning Indonesia's Forestry and Other Land Use (FOLU) Net Sink 2030 for Climate Change Control (MenLHK, 2022). FOLU Net Sink 2030 is a target condition in 2030 that emissions from the forestry and land sectors exceed their emission levels, as a form of mitigation action in reducing greenhouse gases (GHG). This policy reflects Indonesia's commitment to tackling climate change and its impacts. FOLU Net Sink 2030 is projected to reach a net sink point of -140 million tons of CO2-eq or negative emissions of 140 million tons -eq by 2030. This target makes FOLU Net Sink 2030 contribute 17.4% with its own efforts and 25.4% with international cooperation in achieving the Nationally Determined Contributions (NDC) target.

Ecosystem-based Approach (EbA)

Achieving the FOLU Net Sink 2030 target can be done through two approaches. The first approach is to reduce emissions by prohibiting or restricting activities in the forestry sector. Meanwhile, the second approach is through increasing the capacity of forests to absorb and store carbon. The implementation of these two approaches can be carried out with various framework and schema references. One of the framework references that can be used is the concept of an ecosystem-based approach.

The ecosystem-based approach is a conceptual framework that can be used as a reference to overcome complex environmental problems. Referring to the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) (2023), the ecosystem-based approach (EbA) is an integrated management plan for land, water, and biological resources aimed at realizing conservation and sustainable utilization. EbA can be a promising approach in handling climate change, especially by increasing ecosystem resilience. EbA has a crucial role to play in dealing with climate change, as this approach focuses on the fundamental linkages between climate dynamics, biodiversity conservation, and sustainable resource management. Therefore, the EbA framework is also very relevant to be used in the implementation of the FOLU Net Sink 2030 program.

Scope Categories (Pillars) of EbA

Ecosystem-based Approach (EbA) is assessed using an indicator matrix. The tool is designed to identify and standardize good practices in the forestry and land use sectors, thereby creating a clear path to achieving net sink conditions. EbA is a strategy that integrates the needs of the ecosystem and local communities. This matrix evaluates activities in six main pillars. The main goal is to create a clear mechanism of good practice, so that it can be replicated and expanded. The assessment of the EbA indicator matrix is based on each of the criteria and indicators of the pillars. The six pillars are as follows:

  1. Pillar 1: Reducing Deforestation and Degradation
  2. Pillar 2: Sustainable Forest Management
  3. Pillar 3: Biodiversity Conservation
  4. Pillar 4: Land Rehabilitation and Restoration
  5. Pillar 5: Social Forestry
  6. Pillar 6: Ecosystem Replication